The effect of the addition of lornoxicam (xefocam) intrarticularly on the WOMAC Scale in patients undergoing arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
UNLABELLED: Effective pain relief is important after diagnostic and therapeutic arthroscopic knee surgery to permit early discharge and improve comfort and mobility at home. We compared the intraarticular analgesic effects of ropivacaine and morphine with or without Xefocam and the need for rescue i.v. morphine at rest and during movement in patients undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction under spinal anesthesia. Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) is associated with moderate to severe postoperative pain. PATIENTS AND METHOD: Forty five patients undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) under spinal anesthesia were enrolled in this study. Patients were divided into three equal groups (15 each); the C group received saline. The RM group received 0.25% ropivacaine and morphine 0.2 mg/mL; the RMX group received 0.25% ropivacaine, morphine 0.2 mg/mL and Xefocam 0.8 mg/mL postoperatively they received intraarticular patient-controlled analgesia. The study drug was given in a volume of 10-mL bolus and a 60-min lockout interval. If needed, rescue morphine 2 mg was self-administered i.v. with 10-min lockout intervals. Pain scores and patient satisfaction were assessed at rest and during movement. There were significant differences among the groups in pain scores and patient satisfaction and in the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) Classification. Daily morphine consumption was significantly smaller in the RMX group (7 +/- 6 mg) compared with the RM group (23 +/- 20 mg; P = 0.002) and in both groups compared with control (46 +/- 21 mg; P < 0.001). We conclude that intraarticular patient-controlled regional analgesia provides effective pain relief after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. The combination of intraarticular ropivacaine, morphine, and xefocam was superior to control or to a combination of ropivacaine and morphine.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".