Bibliographic record
Abstract
North Caspian Project - Challenges and Successes Lyazzat Sarybekova Lyazzat Sarybekova Agip Kazakhstan Noth Caspian Operating Company, NV Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Paper presented at the SPE International Conference on Health, Safety, and Environment in Oil and Gas Exploration and Production, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, March 2004. Paper Number: SPE-86685-MS https://doi.org/10.2118/86685-MS Published: March 29 2004 Connected Content Related to: North Caspian Project: Challenges and Successes Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Get Permissions Search Site Citation Sarybekova, Lyazzat. "North Caspian Project - Challenges and Successes." Paper presented at the SPE International Conference on Health, Safety, and Environment in Oil and Gas Exploration and Production, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, March 2004. doi: https://doi.org/10.2118/86685-MS Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex Search Dropdown Menu nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentAll ProceedingsSociety of Petroleum Engineers (SPE)SPE International Conference and Exhibition on Health, Safety, Environment, and Sustainability Search Advanced Search AbstractOil & gas projects operating under extremely challenging circumstances or in the world's most sensitive environments are not a rarity. There are many examples where industry has successfully addressed such issues as unfavourable reservoir properties, lack of infrastructure, limited access, cold or hot climate, demanding regulatory requirements and unsympathetic public. Over the recent years industry aggressively developed and improved technologies and techniques that allow companies to significantly minimise the environmental impact of their operations and, thus, carry out projects in many areas with sensitive, vitally important or highly protected ecosystems. However, there are not many projects where most of the above mentioned challenges are present all at once.The development of Kashagan field in Kazakhstan sector of North Caspian Sea is one of the biggest and the most challenging development projects worldwide, uniqueness of which lies in the complexity and rarity of a blend of issues requiring consideration. It starts with the properties of the field such as geology, pressure, temperature, H2S content. Then there is a number of physical conditions within the area of operations such as shallow waters, sea level changes, extreme temperatures in winter and summer seasons, and ice. Shallow waters and wetlands of North Caspian support important number of bird and fish species, including rare and internationally protected, and Kazakhstan enforces high environmental standards to ensure adequate protection for the area.Agip Kazakhstan North Caspian Operating Company (Agip KCO), an Eni company operating on behalf of six international co-venturers, has the luxury and opportunity to draw on experience and resources that its founders acquired internationally. This paper describes some engineering solutions and operating methods as well as other protection measures employed by the Company to ensure maximum safety of its operations to the environment. Successes and lessons from this project may prove to be valuable throughout a wide sector of industry.IntroductionAgip KCO is an Eni Group company exploring and appraising several offshore oil and gas prospects and fields in the Kazakhstan sector of the North Caspian Sea, but the main focus of its present activities is the Kashagan oil field.Kashagan Field lies offshore approximately 75 km south of the Ural river delta in the water depth of about 4 meters.The field is enormous and covers an area of about 820 km2. Its estimated recoverable reserves are more than 7 billion barrels. Other features of the field include high pressure in reservoir (800 bar) and significant hydrogen sulphide levels (range 15–18%) in the reservoir fluids.The development of Kashagan will take place in multiple phases. The first phase, known as the Experimental Programme, will include construction of drilling islands, processing hub, an onshore processing facility and support utilities, pipelines for transporting oil and gas from the field to shore.Experimental Programme will be followed by the Full Field Development phase(s) which will require additional offshore facilities as well as the expansion of onshore facilities. Data gained from the first phase will be used to adjust the strategies and plans for the following phases. Keywords: society of petroleum engineers, lyazzat sarybekova, reservoir characterization, caspian, marine environment, knowledge management, upstream oil & gas, operation, agip kco, programme Subjects: Reservoir Characterization, Environment, Information Management and Systems, Seismic processing and interpretation, Knowledge management This content is only available via PDF. 2004. Society of Petroleum Engineers You can access this article if you purchase or spend a download.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".