Enseñanza-aprendizaje del español en Venezuela, Estados Unidos, Canadá y Brasil
Bibliographic record
Abstract
espanolEs fundamental entender la importancia que tiene en nuestros dias el aprender y adquirir el dominio de una segunda lengua, pero en ocasiones dicho alcance para unos puede ser una empresa sumamente facil y, para otros, extremadamente dificil, todo ello en funcion de las diversas variables y circunstancias que la condicionan. En este articulo hare un recorrido por la ensenanza del espanol como lengua materna (L1/ LM) en Venezuela y lengua extranjera (L2/LE) en paises como Brasil, Estados Unidos y Canada. Por la reglamentacion y falta de docentes calificados, los que imparten la docencia en esta area no tienen como lengua materna el espanol y muchos de ellos no han recibido la preparacion necesaria acerca de la ensenanza del espanol como idioma extranjero, de manera que hacen enfasis en el sistema de la lengua, su descripcion y reglamentacion, mas que en el desarrollo de las habilidades linguisticas y las areas de competencia comunicativa. EnglishIt is especially necessary to understand the importance of learning and master a second language. For some people this could be a very easy task, for others it is extremely difficult; it all depends on the several variables and circumstances that condition this process. In this article, I will attempt to outline a brief summary of teaching of Spanish as a native language (L1/LM) in Venezuela and as a second language (L2/ LS) in countries such as Brazil, USA and Canada. Due to the legal regulations and shortage of qualified teachers, those who provide education in this area are not Spanish native speakers and many of them have not received the necessary basis to teach Spanish as a second language. In this way, teachers put emphasis on the description, regulation and system of the language, instead of focusing on the development of the linguistic abilities and communicative competences.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".