A New, Pellet‐Forming Fungal Strain: Its Isolation, Molecular Identification, and Performance for Simultaneous Sludge‐Solids Reduction, Flocculation, and Dewatering
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Filamentous and nonfilamentous microorganisms can cause bulking and foaming in wastewater sludge settling and dewatering. In this research, sludge degradation and bioflocculation was studied using pellet-forming filamentous fungi isolated from municipal wastewater sludge. To understand the role of filamentous fungi in sludge settling and dewatering, the isolated fungi was inoculated with both spores and pellets (beads) into sterilized and nonsterilized sludge having different suspended-solids concentrations. Biofloc formation, sludge settling, sludge degradation, change in pH of fungal-grown medium, zeta potential, and microscopic analysis of bioflocs were performed. The suspended-solids concentration was found to decrease over 5 d of incubation because of use and biodegradation by fungal biomass. The isolated fungal strain was well adapted to forming biofloc and to interacting with natural microbial flora and exhibited low capillary-suction time for sludge dewatering.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".