Strong-field-induced wave packet dynamics in carbon dioxide molecule
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Temporal evolution of electronic and nuclear wave packets created in strong-field excitation of the carbon dioxide molecule is studied employing momentum-resolved ion spectroscopy and channel-selective Fourier analysis. Combining the data obtained with two different pump-probe set-ups, we observed signatures of vibrational dynamics in both, ionic and neutral states of the molecule. We consider far-off-resonance two-photon Raman scattering to be the most likely mechanism of vibrational excitation in the electronic ground state of the neutral CO <sub>2</sub> . Using the measured phase relation between the time-dependent yields of different fragmentation channels, which is consistent with the proposed mechanism, we suggest an intuitive picture of the underlying vibrational dynamics. For ionic states, we found signatures of both, electronic and vibrational excitations, which involve the ground and the first excited electronic states, depending on the particular final state of the fragmentation. While our results for ionic states are consistent with the recent observations by Erattupuzha <italic>et al.</italic> [ <italic>J. Chem. Phys.</italic> <bold>144</bold> , 024306 (2016)], the neutral state contribution was not observed there, which we attribute to a larger bandwidth of the 8 fs pulses we used for this experiment. In a complementary measurement employing longer, 35 fs pulses in a 30 ps delay range, we study the influence of rotational excitation on our observables, and demonstrate how the coherent electronic wave packet created in the ground electronic state of the ion completely decays within 10 ps due to the coupling to rotational motion.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it