Bibliographic record
Abstract
The field of Human-Animal studies in Sociology is perhaps a decade old and more generally outside Sociology is not much older, at least in terms of any well-developed content. (Of course animals in the sense of animal husbandry has been very long studied in New Zealand.) There has been a sudden surge of interest in New Zealand with the publication of two major books, and other supporting material and the establishment at Canterbury University of a Human Animal Studies centre.In fact, first off the block was the New Zealand Society of Companion Animals (2011) which commissioned a survey of pet ownership in New Zealand. This found that 68% of households had at least one pet - nearly half a cat and a quarter a dog together with smaller proportions hosting rabbits, birds and fish. Comparison with between 1965 and 2007 surveys showed that 52% New Zealand households (37% earlier) have a cat (18% with more than one) & nearly 30% a dog (compared to 11% earlier.)There is higher pet ownership rates in urban areas compared with rural areas except for ponies and horses. They also found that companion animal ownership rates in terms of ethnic groups is quite similar, although cats are particularly popular with 'NZ Europeans' (53%), compared with 'Maori' (45%) and 'Other' households (30%). 'Maori' households (33%) are slightly more likely to own a dog than 'NZ European' (29%) and 'Other' households (25%). Overall, the highest rate of companion animal ownership is amongst 'NZ Europeans' at 72%, followed by 'Maori' at 65% and 'Other' households at 53%. It is possible to slightly extend the one-way results given in that survey with information from the Post Office life-style survey. This shows that dog and cat ownership varies with nature of dwelling and tenure, is curvilinearly related to age, is more common amongst women, is heightened by the presence of children and slightly increases with household income.Swarbrick (2013) is a very well-illustrated and broad history of the various eras of human-animal interactions involving pets and companion animals in New Zealand. Emanating from the Canterbury University centre, Potts, Armstrong and Brown (2013) is far more esoterically written, perhaps given that its writing team comprises not only an historian but also an English literature scholar and an art historian. It is rather more episodic in its coverage. The book results from a Marsden Fund grant - Kararehe: Animals in Art, Literature and Everyday Culture in Aotearoa New Zealand.The Potts et al (2013) book is divided into four sections:- 'Animal Icons' examines the meanings associated with four 'totem' NZ animals: moa, sheep, dolphin and whale;- 'Companion Animals' provides a detailed history of 'pet' relationships;- 'Art Animals', examines visual arts engagement with animals;- 'Controversial Animals' explores the relationship to those animals considered as 'pests', and those farmed for food anti-possum rhetoric in New Zealand; and an exploration of vegetarian sub-cultural identity in this country.Potts provides a detailed examination of Maori animals, including mythical links. During the early periods of European settlement Maori animals exterminated, and there was widespread diffusion of horses, dogs and cats but many frictions as a result and concerns at dog control. Rodent control using cats and dogs was important as settlers struggled to exert a balance amongst the different types of imported animals. On the other hand many Pakeha adopted indigenous birds as pets. Although these were working animals in the main they were also used in collective entertainment e.g. racing but also animal fights trials etc. The prevailing ideology was a mix of companionship and ruthless control although increasingly tempered through the Development of a Christian view of being kind to animals.The fairly standard range of animals were complemented (especially in more upper class circles) by the cultivation of exotic menageries (such as Grey's collection on Kawau Island). …
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".