Autoradiographic Methods for the Localization of Amine Receptor Sites in Neural Tissue
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Many of the most significant advances in neurobiology in the 1970s relate to the study of receptor function Receptors are proteinaceous membrane components that, when occupied by a specific ligand (neurotransmitter, neuromodulator, or hormone), will initiate a cellular response The most important techniques that have been developed recently to advance such studies involve ways of measuring directly the interactions between a neurotransmitter or drug and its receptor. With few exceptions, these procedures involve an in vitro technique in which animals are sacrificed, their brains removed and dissected into various specific regions according to some standardized procedure, and the dissected regions homogenized and centrifuged to yield a membrane preparation that includes the receptors of interest. Sometimes crude synaptosomal (P2) pellets are used in the final binding assay that follows these procedures, but more often homogenates are the source of receptor material. Aliquots of the homogenate are then incubated with various concentrations of a radioactive ligand, specific for the receptors of interest, in the presence or the absence of displacing concentrations of a “cold” (nonradioactive) ligand, often called a displacer
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.005 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.033 | 0.021 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".