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Record W2478487120 · doi:10.1057/9780230627390_5

Marginalization and Exclusion

2007· book-chapter· en· W2478487120 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.

Bibliographic record

VenuePalgrave Macmillan UK eBooks · 2007
Typebook-chapter
Languageen
FieldSocial Sciences
TopicSocial Science and Policy Research
Canadian institutionsUniversity of Guelph
Fundersnot available
KeywordsGlobalizationContext (archaeology)The InternetPoliticsLimitingFace (sociological concept)Political scienceImmigrationEconomic growthSociologyPublic relationsSocial scienceEconomicsGeographyEngineeringLaw

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

In general, marginalizing refers to the process of relegating, downgrading, or excluding people from the benefits of society. In the context of globalization, one can interpret marginalization to be the intended or unintended relegation of individuals, groups, or entire nations by limiting their access to the benefits of globalization. Limited accessibility could be based upon persisting historical or cultural reasons or on social, economic, and political choices made by those in control of the local, national, or global system. In either case, the end result is the same: exclusion due to inaccessibility and non-participation. The industrial revolution denied many people — the poor, the uneducated, the rural, the elderly, children, and women — equal access to participate in the benefits of modern life. Globalization, coupled with the technological revolution, promises to embrace these historically excluded people and offer them new channels of participation. For instance, rural people can theoretically access the virtual marketplace via the internet in the same manner as their urban counterparts. The same holds true for home-bound women and the elderly who face challenges of mobility. Irrespective of their capacity to pay the high cost of private tuition, children can find access to educational material via the internet. Villagers and farmers have the opportunity to join an organization to seek information and voice their opinion in any part of the world.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesInsufficient payload (model declined to judge)
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Theoretical or conceptual · Consensus signal: Theoretical or conceptual
GenreCandidate signal: Other · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.892
Threshold uncertainty score1.000

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0010.001
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0010.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0010.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.080
GPT teacher head0.370
Teacher spread0.291 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it