Physicochemical Treatment of Combined Sewer Oveflow using Natural Polymers
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The hazard posed by combined sewer overflow (CSO) to receiving water cannot be overemphasized due to its significant contribution of pollutants. Ontario’s Procedure F-5- 5 stipulates a minimum treatment limit of 50% reduction in suspended solids (SS) and 30% reduction in the 5-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) for CSOs discharged in Ontario. The City of Windsor, Ontario, currently uses a synthetic polymer (Zetag 7873) for CSO treatment at its retention treatment basin (RTB) utilizing a physicochemical treatment method. Environmental persistence and potential toxicity are common concerns associated with synthetic polymers. These concerns may be limited when plant or animal based natural polymers are utilized. The effectiveness of commercially available natural polymers were evaluated for Windsor CSO treatment. The results show that Tanfloc SG was able to surpass the target of Procedure F-5-5 up to removal efficiencies of 91% and 56% for SS and BOD5 respectively for polymer dosages ranging between 5 mg/L – 30 mg/L.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".