Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT The layered structure of clay minerals produces large elastic anisotropy due to the presence of strong covalent bonds within layers and weaker electrostatic bonds in between. Technical difficulties associated with small grain size preclude experimental measurement of single-crystal elastic moduli. However, theoretical calculations of the complete elastic tensors of several clay minerals have been reported, using either first-principle calculations based on density functional theory or molecular dynamics. Because of the layered microstructure, the elastic stiffness tensor obtained from such calculations can be approximated to good accuracy as a transversely isotropic (TI) medium. The TI-equivalent elastic moduli of clay minerals indicate that Thomsen’s anisotropy parameters ϵ and γ are large and positive, whereas δ is small or negative. A least-squares inversion for the elastic properties of a best-fitting equivalent TI medium consisting of two isotropic layers to the elastic properties of clay minerals indicates that the shear modulus of the stiffest layer is considerably larger than the softest layer, consistent with the expected high compliance of the interlayer region in clay minerals. It is anticipated that the elastic anisotropy parameters derived from the best-fitting TI approximation to the elastic stiffness tensor of clay minerals will find applications in rock physics for seismic imaging, amplitude variation with offset analysis, and geomechanics.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".