Bibliographic record
Abstract
It is fair to say that, for most of his readers, J.R.R. Tolkien inhabits a sphere very different from that of modernist writers such as James Joyce. It is easy to forget that the two were, in fact, near contemporaries (Tolkien, 1892–1973; Joyce, 1882–1941), although none of Tolkien’s major works were published during Joyce’s lifetime, and the great rise in popularity of The Lord of the Rings and Tolkien’s subsequent fame began in the 1960s, a quarter of a century after Joyce’s death. Many scholars interested in literary influences on Tolkien seem to focus either on Anglo-Saxon and Old Norse literature, or on late Victorian mediaeval-ist texts such as those of William Morris.1 While Tolkien has increasingly come to be seen as an ‘“author of the century”, the twentieth century, responding to the issues and the anxieties of that century’, there still remains much scope for examining his work against the background of his modernist and postmodernist contemporaries’ literary output.2
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.017 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".