Experimental study on natural vortex length in a cyclone separator
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The gas‐phase flow field in a cyclone separator with a cylindrical body was measured using Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV) and characteristics of the natural vortex length were analyzed. The results show that the swirling flow is obviously attenuated along the axial direction downward in the cyclone, and both the tangential velocity and the axial velocity gradually decrease. Meanwhile, the radial position of the maximum tangential velocity in a cross‐section moves towards the wall of the cyclone, so the quasi‐free vortex zone reduces while the forced vortex zone extends. Finally, the outer quasi‐free vortex disappears in a certain axial section. Accordingly, a new prediction model of the natural vortex length is proposed. The natural vortex length is defined as the distance between the bottom end of the vortex finder and the section at which the free vortex zone disappears. The natural vortex length is further explained based on the attenuation characteristics of the swirling flow and energy transfer between the two types of vortexes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".