Future and prospective in the Mongolic languages
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Mongolic languages have a complex system of finite and non-finite verb forms expressing tense and aspect. In particular, they have several morphological and morphosyntactic means of marking future eventualities. It has been questionable whether these languages possess the category of future tense and/or that of prospective aspect, and how the various markers are to be interpreted semantically, though their pragmatic interpretation in context has not for the most part been in question. This paper presents criteria for temporal and aspectual categories, based on the fundamental structure of the verbal system characteristic of Mongolic languages and examines the various devices used to express futurity in light of these criteria. It is concluded that neither future tense nor prospective aspect as such are semantic categories of the verb in most, if not all, Mongolic languages.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it