A microstructural cluster-based description of diffuse and localized failures
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper presents the analysis of microstructural mechanisms observed during both localized and diffuse failures in granular media, highlighting similarities and differences in their characteristics.Twodimensional DEM (Discrete Element Method) granular assemblies with medium dense and dense packings were subjected to different biaxial loading paths to induce either a localized or diffuse failure mode.A cluster based analysis is proposed to investigate interactions of particles at the mesoscale through the calculation of the second-order work from microscopic variables.It is shown that such analysis of clusters together with second order work facilitates precise shear band pattern recognition during localized failure.The evolution of such clusters in terms of their spatial distribution, size and number of particles involved, as well as the role played by strong and weak phases, describes the nature of the failure at every stage during loading.Such microstructural descriptors can predict the propensity of the specimen to fail either according to a diffuse or a localized mode.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".