Technology, Innovation and Business Development: Theoretical Perspectives
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Innovation can be technological, social, and territorial in dimension, although the latter two dimensions are under-researched.A more inclusive definition of innovation is sought by examining all three of the aforementioned dimensions. Following a brief introduction, part one of this investigation reviews the respective roles of both Schumpeter and Veblen in researching the relationships among technology, innovation, and entrepreneurship.Schumpeter's main role in the analysis of innovation is the proposal of the entrepreneur-innovator.Veblen expanded on Schumpeter's theory by illuminating the effects of reciprocity between technology/technique and the social environment. Part two investigates the evolutionary perspective of innovation, reviewing the cyclical, spatial, and systemic territorialized effects of innovation.Finally, part three emphasizes the strong link among sociality, territoriality, and market.It is hypothesized that innovation is influenced by social context. (AKP)
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.006 | 0.006 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.014 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.008 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".