Bibliographic record
Abstract
This chapter outlines the chief segmental (consonant and vowel) features of contemporary Newfoundland and Labrador English, and includes a brief introduction to IPA phonetic symbols and phonetic terminology. Wells’ lexical sets (Wells 1982, Accents of English) provide an organizational framework for vowel description; the vowels of standard or General Canadian English serve as a reference point. To capture the range of variation evident within the region, vowel and consonant features are presented not only for standard Newfoundland speech, but also for the province’s two major traditional rural vernacular varieties (Newfoundland and Labrador “Irish English” and “(southwest) British English”). These include shared features (e.g. TH-Stopping) as well as features differentiating the two regional types (e.g. postvocalic L articulation, syllable-initial H-deletion and H-insertion). The chapter also contains a brief description of Newfoundland English phonetic processes (deletion, insertion, assimilation), along with several prosodic or suprasegmental features (speech tempo, stress, pulmonic ingressive articulation).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.046 | 0.010 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".