Bibliographic record
Abstract
Catholicism and the novel During the funeral of Mrs Daly in The Collegians (1829), Gerald Griffin's narrator notes that 'two or three clergymen made their appearance and were, with difficulty, accommodated with places'. Griffin was a Catholic and was later to join a religious order, yet there is little direct reference to Catholic life in The Collegians . The novel's reticence about religious practice belies its theme of Ascendancy decadence and rising Catholic leadership in rural Irish society, but is typical of the treatment of religion by mainstream Catholic writers. The nineteenth century witnessed a 'devotional revolution', an extraordinary growth in the institutional cohesion of the Catholic Church in Ireland and in the conformity of ordinary Irish Catholics to orthodox religious practice. However, this was not matched by an assertive advocacy of Catholicism in fiction, except by a number of literary priests who had international experience of the struggle between Catholicism and modernity. Ireland also experienced modernisation, largely as a result of changes to the land system, but it was of a special form which favoured the farming family rather than the urban individual. Its emphasis on collective - or at least family - identity rather than on individual identity created a favourable environment for the Church. The Irish Catholic cultural environment thus diverged from the European mainstream in which urban experience and the triumph of individual experience were prized, especially in fiction.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.014 | 0.009 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".