Self-determination and the Indian Act: The Erosion of Indigenous Identity
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In 2003, I conducted research in partnership with the community of Canim Lake in the interior of British Columbia (BC) to assist in discussing the parameters of citizenship, membership, and self-governance associated with defining Band membership. Band membership is a creation of the Canadian federal government with exclusive authority to determine who is an “Indian” in accordance with federal legislation. Furthermore, only Band members are eligible to reside within one of the 203 Indian Bands in BC, which is also legislated by the federal government. My purpose was to explore how the erosion of the rights of Indigenous1 Peoples to self-determine compromised their identities. I argued that the Indian Act of 1876 legally forced Indian Bands to construct Band membership codes in such a way that traditional identity is undermined. The research highlights how Canim Lake Band members responded to the concept of Indigenous identity; that identity cannot be separated from modern-day treaty making in BC because both identity and Band membership are vital factors in the movement toward self-determination.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.019 | 0.034 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".