Expression of Akt Isoforms in the Rat Endometrium During Pregnancy and Pseudopregnancy.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Rat gestation can be divided into various stages that would include: fertilization (day 1), implantation (day 5), decidualization (day 10), decidual regression (day 14) and parturition (day 22). However, little is known concerning the intracellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the endometrium regulating pregnancy during these different processes. Akt isoforms (Akt1, Akt2 and Akt3) are expressed and differentially regulated in normal tissues but their specific roles remain to be clarified. Our hypothesis is that the Akt signaling pathway and the three Akt isoforms are playing important and different roles in the rat endometrium during pregnancy. This pathway is known to be critically involved in cell proliferation and survival but its regulation during pregnancy remains to be elucidated. It has been shown that X-linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein (XIAP) might be involved in cell survival through regulation of Akt phosphorylation in different systems. XIAP activity is also known to be inhibited by Smac/DIABLO. Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) is a pro-apoptotic phosphatase and is negatively involved in Akt phosphorylation. The aim of the present study was to characterize the regulation and expression of Akt isoforms and the latter factors involved in this pathway during pregnancy and pseudopregnancy. Pseudopregnant rats were killed, from day 1 to 9, and during normal pregnancy, every two days from day 2 to 22. Uteri were removed to collect endometrial RNA, protein and tissues sections were prepared for immunofluorescence (IF). In the early stages of pregnancy, expression of the three isoforms was not influenced by pregnancy. However, in pseudopregnant rats, the relative levels of Akt isoforms decreased from days 2 to 9. These preliminary results indicate that the presence of the embryo has a direct impact on the regulation of Akt isoforms. Preliminary real time RT-PCR results showed that the three isoforms of Akt are present and are regulated differently in the late stages of the pregnancy. Akt3 isofom mRNA showed increased expression at days 18 to 22 indicating that this isoform might be important during parturition. In the late state of pregnancy, we found that the active form of Akt (phospho-Akt) was reduced during decidual regression and was surprisingly increased at post partum day, just after parturition. We observed the same pattern of expression for Akt isoforms during theses stages. XIAP expression showed a peak on day 14 and then decreased thereafter. Smac/Diablo also showed a peak of expression at day 14 during decidual regression. PTEN appears to be relatively stable during the second half of gestation. These results suggest that the three isoforms of Akt might be determining factors during the different stages of rat pregnancy. This study is the first to report expression and regulation of Akt isoform in the endometrium of pregnant rats. (poster)
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".