Cardiac Effects of Acute Measles Infection in Young Adults
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Previous data from comprehensive noninvasive testing have suggested a high incidence of subclinical cardiac involvement in community-acquired viral illnesses of heterogeneous etiology and the possibility of virusspecific effects, with the myocardium appearing to be affected preferentially by influenza viruses and the pericardium, by mononucleosis viruses. The purpose of this comparative study of 16 young adult patients with measles and 16 healthy normal control subjects was to noninvasively evaluate cardiac status during the acute and recuperative phases of a homogeneous viral illness. None of the patient population had historical evidence of cardiac dysfunction and all had normal cardiac physical findings. Left ventricular size and global systolic function were within normal limits in all patients studied with echocardiography and there were no differences (NS) in the mean values of the patient and control groups. Two measles patients had, however, segmental left ventricular hypokinesis (versus 0 normals) and 4 others had small pericardial effusions (versus 1 normal). Sinus rhythm was the prevailing rhythm in all study subjects; the average sinus rate was lower in the patient group (70 ± 12), compared to the normal controls (75 ± 7) (NS). Spatial 12-lead electrocardiographic repolarization patterns were abnormal in 5 patients and the body surface sum (X) of positive T wave area, by 120-lead electrocardiographic mapping, averaged 211 ± 90 pV-s -102 in the patient group, versus 294 ± 120 pV-s-102 in the normal group (p < 0.05). At follow-up, 6 weeks postacute phase, all patients continued to have normal physical findings and there were no changes in mean left ventricular size or global systolic function; 1 patient improved his previous segmental hypokinesis and pericardial effusions had disappeared in 2 other patients. Average sinus rate increased in the patient group to 77 ± 13 (p < 0.025). As well, the X T wave integral increased in the patient group to 259 ± 91 jiV-s-102 (p < 0.056). These data provide further evidence of subclinical cardiac effects in the acute phase of viral illness. The data do not, however, support tissuespecific effects. Rather, involvement of myocardium, pericardium and specialized electrical tissue were all seen in this population with a single infectious agent. As in a previous study of patients with viral infection of multiple etiologies, the cardiac effects in these patients with measles were, overall, small and greatest on electrical activity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".