Defining Power Components in Nonsinusoidal Unbalanced Polyphase Systems: The Issues
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Defining power components for unbalanced three-phase systems operating under nonsinusoidal conditions is an area of active research which spawned many theories. The approaches may be classified into two groups: the first is a bottom-up approach that extends well accepted definition of power components for single-phase systems operating under ideal sinusoidal situations to the case of unbalanced three-phase systems in nonsinusoidal situations. The second group involves a top-down approach that tries to offer a definition for nonlinear polyphase systems in nonsinusoidal situations and apply it to linear single phase systems in sinusoidal situations by considering the former as the general case and the latter as a special case. This paper summarizes previously published approaches and concludes that none of the approaches in the literature can lead to power components definitions that satisfy all required power properties. Different analysis tools other than those based on frequency or time domain are recommended in this paper for future work.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.006 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".