Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Atterberg limits are used in the estimation of test indices useful for soil-engineering interpretations, such as shear strength and bearing capacity, compressibility, swelling potential, and specific surface. This chapter outlines various test protocols that are standardized and widely accepted and used. The primary sources for these procedures were American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), American Society for Testing and Materials, British Standards Institute, USDA-NRCS, and B. H. Sheldrick. Considerable effort has been directed at researching procedurally unified test methods, including desorption by pressure-plate extraction, consolidation of soil–water suspensions, measurement of paste viscosity, and drop-cone penetration. As gravimetric water contents, the two Atterberg limits (plastic limit, wP, and liquid limit,wL) define the range of soil wetness over which a soil exhibits plastic behavior. The standard ASTM (Casagrande) test procedures for wL and wP determination involve continuous remolding at constant volume, and so yield useful information about the soil under critical-state conditions.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".