Determination of Aggregation Numbers in Aqueous Solutions of Hydrophobically Modified Polymers by Fluorescent Probe Techniques
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this chapter we examine fluorescence quenching as a methodology for determining the size of the micelle-like aggregates formed in aqueous solution by associative polymers that modify the solution rheology. The parameter of interest is NR, the mean number of hydrophobic substituents per micelle. We cite several examples from the literature that indicate the successful application of this method to associating polymer solutions. Other examples point to shortcomings of the method and indicate that the determination of NR values for associative polymers systems is more complex than the determination of aggregation numbers (Nagg) for surfactant micelles. Finally we describe in detail the use of pyrene and 1-ethylpyrene as probes to determine NR values for three different polymer systems, a telechelic copolymer of polyethylene oxide end-capped at both ends with short alkyl chains (C16 and C18), hydrophobically modified hydroxyethyl cellulose HMHEC, and hydrophobically modified alkali swellable emulsion polymer (HASE).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".