Biorefinery strategies: exploring approaches to developing forest-based biorefinery activities in British Columbia and Ontario, Canada
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Forest biorefineries can help revive and diversify a struggling Canadian forest sector while enabling Canada’s transition to an advanced bioeconomy. Two distinct approaches to biorefining – centralised and distributed – are defined and assessed to determine their suitability for application in this sector. A proposed set of critical capacities required for the forest industry to transition to a biorefining business model form the basis of a comparison between the centralised and distributed approach. The potential implementation of each approach in the provinces of British Columbia (BC) and Ontario is assessed based on existing forestry infrastructure and available forest fibre. It is found that biorefinery development is likely to follow a distributed pathway in Ontario. In BC, the distributed model may also be attractive, but two locations are identified where a centralised approach may be successfully implemented.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it