Measuring the Confinement Free Energy and Effective Width of Single Polymer Chains via Single-Molecule Tetris
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We perform single-molecule partitioning measurements of the free energy of chain confinement and self-exclusion as a function of confinement dimension and buffer ionic strength via single-molecule Tetris. Individual DNA chains, confined in a nanoslit with a lattice of embedded nanocavities, partition their contour between the cavities. Changes in device geometry and buffer chemistry lead to changes in the number of cavities occupied. We are able to deduce the confinement free energy difference between the nanocavities and the nanoslit by observing how the number of cavities occupied by a single chain varies as a function of device dimension. These measurements enable us to confirm theoretical predictions for confinement free energy based on worm-like chain formalism and quantify the chain effective width w, providing a direct measure of the size of excluded-volume effect on a single-chain level.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".