When Beer Was Off-side: Drink, Sport, and the Ideals of Civic Citizenship in Two Ontario Cities, 1934-44
Bibliographic record
Abstract
When licensed hotel beverage rooms were opened in Ontario in 1934, the Liquor Control Board tried to ensure that these places were located away from places where individuals assembled who might be vulnerable to temptation. Accordingly, the board refused licences to hotels located near churches, playgrounds, or schools. It also was wary of licensing places near hockey arenas. Considerable confusion arose, therefore, when hotels sought licences near Maple Leaf Gardens in Toronto and the Garden City Arena in St. Catharines. The former was a major professional entertainment complex, while the latter was a point of civic pride built at least partly through public subscription. The ensuing controversies in both cases underscore the conflicting relationship between healthy physical activity and morally questioned drinking spaces, while exploring the shifting priorities of a liquor control board that sought to ensure that alcohol was consumed by the public in a socially orderly manner.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.046 | 0.020 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".