Settlement Response of a Geothermal Energy Pile Group in Sand
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
The geothermal piles are used as a group in major construction projects. Geothermal energy piles provide sustainable energy alternative for residential and commercial buildings worldwide. In spite of the growing recognition of the benefits of energy piles, there is a still a knowledge gap about the load transfer mechanism of pile groups under thermo-mechanical loading. In the present study, thermo-mechanical response of geothermal energy pile groups in sand has been studied using three dimensional nonlinear finite element analysis procedure. A pile cap is considered on the piles. Stress-strain responses of piles and pile cap are considered linear elastic. The stress-strain response of sand is simulated using a state parameter based constitutive model CASM. The CASM model has been implemented in finite element software Abaqus through user defined material subroutine. The geothermal energy pile group has been analyzed for different combinations of thermal and non-thermal piles in the group in a single layer of Ottawa sand. Analyses have been performed by varying the spacing between the piles. Analysis results have been studied for the displacement at the base of the piles. It is observed from the results the load carried by the thermal piles increases due to heating induced excess load in the pile. For non-thermal piles however, unloading of the pile happens during heating of the thermal piles and base displacement decreases. Heating of thermal piles also causes expansion of these piles in upward direction, thus, the piles pushing the pile cap along with it in the upward direction. Differential settlement at the pile base is observed for the groups containing both thermal and non-thermal piles.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it