Management of Distributive Conflicts Impeding Expansion of Interprovincial Hydroelectricity Transmission
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Conflicts over distributive effects are a perennial feature of policy-making. The purpose of this essay is to investigate how such distributive conflicts unfold in the context of interprovincial hydroelectricity transmission. Through analysis of two Eastern Canada agreements on interprovincial transmission, plus a related third case, the authors present three major findings. First, the relative distribution of associated impacts—material, non-material, and environmental—is important and often presents a significant barrier to interprovincial agreement. Second, the authors find the distribution of non-material impacts, related to both perceptions of fairness and provincial identity, is perhaps as significant as distribution of financial cost and benefit. Third, the authors find that weak intergovernmental institutions in Canada and ad hoc interventions by the federal government further compound the challenge. The authors argue that future efforts to expand hydro transmission across provincial boundaries are needed to address climate change, but to succeed they must address the challenge of all three types of distributive effects and be supported by consistent federal government leadership.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.007 | 0.019 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.011 | 0.006 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.007 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".