An amplifier-shared inverter-based MASH structure ΔΣ modulator for smart sensor interfaces
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A 0.9 V feed forward, op-amp shared MASH structure delta sigma modulator for low power sensor interface applications in 0.18 μm CMOS process is presented in this paper. A modified feed forward op-amp shared structure is implemented to reduce the integrators output swings. Due to opamp sharing, the power hungry adder, which constitutes a first challenge in conventional feed forward structures when used in lower-power applications, is eliminated. Moreover, the signal transfer function is modified to be equal to unity in each stage, addressing the second challenge in the conventional feed forward architecture. To reduce the power consumption of the modulator, a fully-differential inverter-based operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) is adopted. Flicker noise is alleviated with the adoption of a chopper stabilization technique. The proposed modulator is sampled at 5.12 MHz for a bandwidth of 20 kHz (OSR of 128). Post-layout simulations show that the modulator achieves 91 dB/89 dB SNR/SNDR respectively while consuming only 65 μW of power.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".