Changing Family Forms, Patterns and Emerging Challenges Within the South African Indian Diaspora
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The nature, durability and flexibility of the Indian family in South Africa has been shaped by events and circumstances within the context of a hostile social and political environment that pervaded South African society throughout colonialism and apartheid. Over the years the family structure adjusted and adapted to these conditions to ensure a distinct presence within the diverse South African landscape. This paper traces the evolution of the Indian family from a primarily single sex indentured labor system, to the extended/joint family form, and the transformation of the latter into the nuclear family system. It provides a longitudinal socio-historical analysis of factors spanning one hundred and fifty years of Indian family form and life leading to the formation of the nuclear family, emerging new family forms and challenges in post-democratic South Africa. The paper draws the attention of family study scholars to an analysis beyond the dual notion of extended/joint and nuclear family forms, and to emerging marriage and family patterns in the context of a rapidly changing South African society in the post-liberation era.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".