Following the Reactivity of Au<sub>25</sub>(SC<sub>8</sub>H<sub>9</sub>)<sub>18</sub><sup>–</sup> Clusters with Pd<sup>2+</sup> and Ag<sup>+</sup> Ions Using <i>in Situ</i> X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy: A Tale of Two Metals
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This work examines the reaction between Au 25 (SC 8 H 9 ) 18 – clusters with palladium acetate (Pd 2+ ) and silver nitrate (Ag + ) using UV–vis, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), extended X-ray absorption spectroscopy (EXAFS), and in situ liquid cell X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). UV–vis results show that upon the addition of Pd 2+ and Ag + salts to Au 25 (SC 8 H 9 ) 18 – clusters significant changes are seen in the optical properties of the clusters. In the case of Pd, there is little to no change in the size of the clusters evidenced by TEM, while for Ag systems, significant particle growth is seen. In situ XAS results show that Pd 2+ reacts with the staple motifs of Au 25 (SC 8 H 9 ) 18 – clusters and forms Pd(II) thiolate species, as shown by the Pd L 3 - and Au L 3 -edge data as well as Pd K-edge EXAFS results. However, Ag L 3 -edge data suggest that Ag + reduces to Ag on the cluster core and does not form Ag(I) thiolate species. This work highlights the power of using in situ XANES to follow Au cluster transformations in liquid environments.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".