Polar patterning of the spikelet is disrupted in the <i>two opposite lemma</i> mutant in rice
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Angiosperms produce diverse flowers and the pattern of floral symmetry is a major factor for flower diversification. Bilaterally symmetric flowers have evolved multiple times in different angiosperm lineages from radially symmetric ancestors. Whereas most monocots produce radially symmetric flowers, grasses such as rice (Oryza sativa) and maize (Zea mays) generate bilaterally symmetric flowers and spikelets. In this paper, we focused on the two opposite lemma (tol) mutant, which displays a pleiotropic phenotype in the spikelet. Close morphological examination revealed that a typical spikelet phenotype of the tol mutant was principally based on the mirror image duplication of the lemma-side half of the spikelet. Other spikelet phenotypes can be explained as the derivation from the spikelet with this duplication. A polar pattern of organ formation along the lemma-palea axis was disrupted by this duplication. Accordingly, tol mutation seems to change the spikelet from bilateral symmetry (monosymmetry) to disymmetry. Thus, the tol mutant provides good genetic material to investigate the regulation of spikelet symmetry in rice.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it