Spacial Sanctuaries and Normalizing Violence: The Canadian Soldier on the Western Front during the Great War
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This essay explores how Canadian soldiers of the Great War created protective spaces and sanctuaries in the front-line trenches of the Western Front to normalize violence. The Western Front was a place of industrial killing by modern weapons that inflicted enormous physical and mental harm on soldiers; but most soldiers found ways to cope and endure. What tools did the soldiers use to protect themselves? The soldiers made their trenches and holes in the ground into temporary homes, which solidified the bonds of camaraderie and normalized the abnormal experience. They banded together through song and rumours, which were often sung and shared in their deep underground dugouts, helping to raise morale. Letters from home connected soldiers to their communities back in Canada. The creation and consumption of culture helped the soldiers make sense of the war and endure the terrible violence.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.055 | 0.024 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".