Impedance Cardiography-Guided Treatment of Hypertension: A Review of the Literature.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Hypertension occurs when regulatory mechanisms fail, resulting in increased cardiac output (CO) and/or increased systemic vascular resistance (SVR). Impedance cardiography (ICG) is a non-invasive technology that measures CO and SVR. OBJECTIVE: To assess the literature related to the use of ICG in guiding the selection of anti-hypertensive medications in individuals with hypertension. DESIGN: PubMed and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature databases were searched for pertinent literature. Only English language, primary research reports published between 1990 and 2014 were included. FINDINGS: The literature demonstrated significant reduction of blood pressure among participants who were treated with ICG-guided selection of anti-hypertensive medications when compared to standard treatment. CONCLUSION: Although the research reviewed is not without limitations (e.g., small sample sizes and small effect sizes), individualized pharmacologic treatment of uncontrolled hypertension based on ICG-obtained hemodynamics seems successful in reducing blood pressure. Further research within the Canadian context that addresses the limitations is warranted.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.004 | 0.005 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".