Effect of Biochar Amendment on Bioavailability and Accumulation of Cadmium and Trace Elements in Brassica chinensis L. (Chinese Cabbage)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the potential use of maize stalk (MS), bamboo (BB) and cow manure (CM) derived biochar as a soil amendment on the cadmium (Cd) and trace metals (Mn, Zn, Fe) accumulation by two Cd accumulator cultivars; low (Aijiaoheiye 333) (AJ) and high (Zhouyeheiyoudonger) (ZH) of Brassica chinensis L. The effect of different biochar (4% w/w) on both cultivars grown on artificially Cd contaminated Alfisol soil was studied. All selected biochar decreased the bioavailability of Cd in soil and its phytoavailability for both cultivars of B. chinensis L. followed the order: MS > CM > BB. In particular, with increase soil pH MS biochar significantly reduced Cd bioavailability in soil by 54% and accumulation in shoots of AJ and ZH cultivars by 35% and 41%, as soil amendment. These results indicated the effectiveness of biochar by reducing the availability and phytotoxicity of Cd, while enhanced shoot dry biomass by promoting microbial activity and availability of essential trace metals.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".