Luminescent Copper Nanoclusters as a Specific Cell-Imaging Probe and a Selective Metal Ion Sensor
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Copper nanoclusters (CuNCs) exhibit a high tendency to undergo oxidation particularly at the subnanometer size regime. In the light of overcoming this bottleneck, we have been successful in developing tripeptide (glutathione, GSH) templated CuNCs which show high biocompatibility and stability, in spite of being ultrafine in size. These blue-emitting CuNCs possess very promising optical features such as significant quantum yield (QY) and excellent photostability. Our cell-imaging studies reveal that the CuNCs localize primarily in nuclear membranes of the different cancerous (Hela, MDAMB-231, and A549) cells, and the cell viability assay conclusively established their nontoxic nature. Apart from their biological significances, these CuNCs also illustrate their ability to serve as a metal ion sensor, selectively detecting Fe 3+ ions in solution at the nanomolar concentration regime. This unique luminescent property of the NCs will enable them to serve as label-free and versatile probes having several biological and analytical applications.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".