Fluidizable NiO/Ce-γAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Oxygen Carrier for Chemical Looping Combustion
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This communication presents the effects of Ce modification on NiO/Ce-γAl 2 O 3 oxygen carrier for chemical-looping combustion (CLC). The NiO/Ce-γAl 2 O 3 samples are prepared by an incipient wetness technique using successive metal loading. The reduction characteristics of the prepared oxygen carriers are evaluated in repeated temperature-programmed reduction/oxidation cycles. The results show that the presence of Ce minimizes metal/support interaction and improves the reducibility and oxygen carrying capacity of the oxygen carriers. As a result, almost 94 wt % nickel oxides on Ce-γAl 2 O 3 is reduced as opposed to only 77 wt % of nickel oxides on bare γAl 2 O 3 . The presence of Ce also provides stable reduction performance over repeated oxidation/reduction cycles, which is essential for a CLC process. The sustained reducibility of the samples is mainly due to the absence of agglomeration and the formation of easily reducible nickel oxide species instead of nickel aluminate. The EDX mapping of the oxygen carrier shows a uniform nickel dispersion on the support. The NiO/Ce-γAl 2 O 3 oxygen carriers are further evaluated in a fluidized CREC Riser Simulator using methane as fuel and air for reoxidation. The Ce containing oxygen carrier shows excellent reactivity and stability over the repeated fluidized CLC cycles. The XRD analysis of fresh and used oxygen carrier samples shows unchanged crystal structures of the nickel particles, indicating stable properties of the NiO/Ce-γAl 2 O 3 in the repeated CLC cycles.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".