Review of Confederation Bridge Ice Forces: Winter 2008-2010
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Ice interactions with the Confederation Bridge for the winters 2008, 2009 and 2010 have been studied. Ice conditions for these winters were characterized by two average and one very mild. Tilt data from piers P23 and P24 in response to ice and wind actions were recorded by a data acquisition system. Video records of ice interactions with pier P23 and overall ice conditions adjacent to piers P23 and P24 allowed ice conditions and interaction processes to be related to tilt measurements. Wind data were analysed to correct for the tilt caused by wind actions on the bridge. Limit stress and limit force events were identified. An ice loading scenario that transitioned from limit force to limit stress resulted in the highest ice forces measured over the three years of monitoring, with forces of 3.1 MN and 4.3 MN at P23 and P24, respectively. This loading event corresponded to a likwly adfreeze condition.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.007 | 0.008 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".