LBPS 03-06 INCREASING UPTAKE OF HYPERTENSION SERVICES AMONG MALES AND ELDERLY IN AN URBAN INFORMAL SETTLEMENT IN KENYA
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objective: The world is experiencing an epidemic of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). In Kenya, quarter of adults have raised blood pressure (BP) or are on medication for hypertension. Despite men having a higher prevalence of raised BP, 71% have never had their BP measured and 95% are not on treatment. Overall mean systolic BP is higher among men and increases with age. This study will compare effectiveness of four screening models; health facility, weekend, walkways and home-based in increasing uptake of hypertension services among males and elderly. Design and Method: A retrospectives cohort study was carried out targeting clients accessing hypertension services through four models between April 2015 and May 2016. Data was analysed for proportions. Chi square was used to determine significance in the differences. The differences were considered statistically significant when P < 0.05. Results: Of 107,303 reached with screening, home based reached the highest average number monthly at 7172 followed by health facilities at 2753. Overall, 16% of clients had raised BP with weekend and walkways having highest proportions at 20%, health facilities at 17% and home-based at 14%. The difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Walkway was most effective in reaching men at 53% followed by weekend (51%), home based (38%) and health facility (30%). The difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Weekend and walkway reached more clients > 40 years at 54% and 46% respectively while home-based and health facility reached least at 27% and 28% respectively. This difference was statistically significant. Conclusions: Despite high coverage of home based and health facility screening the population reached had lower risk. Walkway and weekend models are effective in reaching clients at risk such as males and elderly and should be integrated with health facilities to increase the impact and cost-effectiveness of hypertension programs in informal settlements.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".