Les crises des systèmes d’enseignement en Afrique noire. Un essai d’analyse à travers le cas du Burkina Faso
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The crises in the sub-saharan educational systems have structural causes related to the great importance granted to the “school capital.” However, a factual approach to these processes is often useful in order to understand contemporary socio-political history. In the case of Burkina-Faso, we have observed a number of mobilizations led by actors opposed to hegemony (teachers’unions, students’ and pupils’ movements) which have often spearheaded opposition during the various regimes of former Haute Volta and now Burkina Faso. The most intense phases of politicization in this conflict occur mainly in the 1970s and again in the 1990s. The school policies given impetus at the international level were successfully re-oriented, from the attempted reforms, tested by UNESCO, to the educational adjustment, imposed by the World Bank. However, the school system has not been “pacified” yet, and these recurrent conflicts continue to be at the top of the political agenda in a state such as Burkina Faso.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.007 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.006 | 0.005 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.007 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".