A novel reduced-size 60-GHz 180 degrees coupler using LG-CPW transmission lines
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A compact reduced size 60-GHz band (57-64 GHz ) 180 degrees coupler is proposed and implemented in an IPD (Integrated Passive Devices) technology. A size reduction of 75% compared to a conventional 180 degrees coupler has been obtained by using high impedance lower-ground coplanar waveguide (LG-CPW) transmission lines loaded with microstrip opencircuited stubs. The measured results of the coupler showed an amplitude imbalance of less than 0.5 dB and a phase variation from 187 degrees to 184 degrees over a frequency range of 57-64 GHz. The measured return loss is better than 15 dB and the isolation is greater than 24 dB over the frequency band of interest. The measured results confirm the potential of the proposed coupler for low-cost, high-performance, small-size transceiver front-ends for high data rate wireless systems operating in the unlicensed 60-band.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".