L’appréhension de la dette écologique en droit du commerce international : approches contractuelle et contentieuse
Bibliographic record
Abstract
La dette écologique sera appréhendée sous l’angle contractuel puis sous l’angle du contentieux commercial international. Les sources de la prise en compte de la dette écologique en droit du commerce international seront étudiées, ainsi que les limites à cette référence, qui s’illustrent par la difficile mise en œuvre des engagements contractuels et par l’approche du droit des investissements, droit plus soucieux de protéger les investisseurs que l’environnement du pays d’accueil de l’investissement. Nous tenterons ensuite de voir quelle est la capacité de l’arbitre à imposer aux opérateurs du commerce international le respect de normes environnementales. Le droit de l’environnement pourra ainsi être pris en compte au titre du contrat ou de l’ordre public transnational.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.010 | 0.015 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.007 | 0.029 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.020 | 0.014 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.007 |
| Research integrity | 0.010 | 0.008 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.012 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".