Topography Tuning for Plasmonic Color Enhancement via Picosecond Laser Bursts
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The tuning of 3D topographical features on silver for the production of plasmonic colors is reported. The topography is produced by applying closely time‐spaced laser bursts. Using laser bursts increases the Chroma of the colors produced by up to 100% compared to the nonburst coloring method. By adjusting the energy distribution of the laser pulses in a burst, while maintaining the total burst energy constant, significantly different color palettes and topographical structures are produced. Scanning electron microscope analysis of the surfaces produced reveals the creation of three distinct sets of laser‐induced periodic‐like surface structures (LIPSS): low spatial frequency LIPSS (LSFL), high spatial frequency LIPSS (HSFL), and large LIPSS that have a period about 7× that of the laser wavelength. Two‐temperature model simulations of silver irradiated by a laser burst show a significant increase in the electron–phonon coupling which is mainly responsible for the creation of LIPSS. Finite‐difference time‐domain simulations of a model of the surface, consisting of nanoparticles arranged on a sinusoidal‐modulated surface of varying amplitude (0 to 150 nm) and period (200 and 1000 nm), elucidate the importance of the HSFL and LSFL structures for color formation, including the increase in Chroma (saturation) observed experimentally.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it