OC05.02: Abnormal radial architecture of the fetal brain predicts cerebral migrational abnormalities
Bibliographic record
Abstract
(1) to assess fetal radial striations as a paradigm for normal radial vascular and migratory architecture of the fetal brain; and (2) to contrast normal appearances with abnormal radial architecture indicative of pathology. Transabdominal and/or transvaginal scans were performed in 179 normal fetuses with gestational ages ranging from 17 to 37 weeks. Fetuses with abnormal karyotype and structural anomalies were excluded. Fetuses with normal and abnormal intracranial findings were chosen because of favourable fetal position and maternal body habitus, which allowed for optimal resolution of fetal intracranial anatomy. Gestational ages in 63 abnormal fetuses ranged from 19 to 36 weeks. Two independent blinded observers analysed and scored ultrasound images for evidence of normal or abnormal radial striations. Of 179 normal fetuses, all had sonographic evidence of normal radial striations traversing the cerebral pallium. Of 63 fetuses with proven intracranial abnormalities, absent or abnormal radial striations were identified in 50 fetuses. Pathology included periventricular leukomalacia (10), CMV (7), periventricular heterotopia (6), skeletal dysplasia (6), polymicrogyria (5), cerebral destruction (3), miscellaneous (13), or a combination of the above. Normal radial striations were found in 13 cases of hydrocephalus. High-frequency ultrasound has extremely high axial resolution that is uniquely capable of resolving small linear structures. In the developing fetal brain, vascular perforators originate from the pial surface to feed the most metabolically active layer, the germinal matrix. Thus, arterial perforators and medullary veins are transcerebral and radial in alignment. Neuronal migration along glial scaffolds establishes the framework for normal radial architecture including vascular development. Thus, it can be inferred that radial vascular abnormalities visible with ultrasound reflect abnormal cerebral radial architecture and development.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.008 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".