La ville moderne en gestation : Bourges, Laval et Colmar durant le premier XIXe siècle
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Genesis of the Modern Town : The Cases of Bourges, Laval and Colmar in the First Half of the Nineteenth Century. French urban history has ignored the case of medium size towns, and in particular of such towns in the first half of the nineteenth century. The period spanning the years from the French Revolution to the advent of the railway was nevertheless crucial, with fundamental changes in ways of life and popular conceptions taking place. It is from these changes that the model of the « modern » town emerged. Bourges, Colmar and Laval offer three perfect cases for the study of this evolution. Exhaustive research was conducted on the archive of each town, enabling us to reconstruct in detail the transformation of attitudes over time, to cross-reference them with the changes in architecture and urbanization and to identify the context in which the modern town took shape. This essay reveals in particular the key role of the law of 16 September 1807, whose effects account for many aspects of the transformations.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.011 | 0.016 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".