Isolation of Metarhizium anisopliae (Deuteromycotina: Hyphomycetes) from Reticulitermes flavipes (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) with convenient methods for its culture and collection of conidia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A virulent strain (pathotype) of the entomogenous fungus causing green muscardine disease in insects, Metarhizium anisopliae, was isolated from the eastern subterranean termite, Reticulitermes flavipes, in Toronto, Ontario. The method of culturing the fungus involved the following steps: 1) dusting termites with conidia by swirling them in a glass petri plate for several minutes with conidia 2) allowing 2-4 days for the conidia dusted termites to die in a clean dry petri dish and for conidia to germinate and invade the termite body, 3) transferring the petri dish to a humidity chamber to promote growth of aerial hyphae, 4) transferring hyphae covered corpses to 2% potato dextrose agar or Sabouroud's dextrose agar with 0.05% ampicillin 5) followed by sequential daily transfer to new agar plates if necessary until all contaminant bacteria and fungi are removed. With spacing of corpses 1 cm apart the mycelium will grow over the whole plate producing a solid 0.5 mm spore mass within about 4 weeks. Conidia so grown are dark green rather than grey when grown on media alone. Conidia are harvested by gently loosening them with a sterile probe and then inverting the culture dish over a sterilized glass lid and applying an electric vibrator to the plate to dislodge them onto the lid. The pure conidia can then be weighed and applied to termites by swirling then in a dish with the termites. The dry conidia are adsorbed onto the epicuticle of the termites.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".