Best Practices for the Synthesis, Activation, and Characterization of Metal–Organic Frameworks
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Abstract
Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are structurally diverse materials comprised of inorganic and organic components. As the rapidly expanding field of MOF research has demonstrated, these materials are being explored for a wide variety of potential applications. In this tutorial review, we give an overview of the current best practices associated with the synthesis, activation, and characterization of MOFs. Methods described include supercritical CO 2 activation, single crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms, surface area calculations, aqueous stability tests, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), and diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS). A variety of different MOFs are presented to aid in the discussion of relevant techniques. In addition, some sections are accompanied by instructional videos to give further insight into the techniques, including tips, tricks, and suggestions only those at the bench could describe.
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The record
- Venue
- Chemistry of Materials
- Topic
- Metal-Organic Frameworks: Synthesis and Applications
- Field
- Chemistry
- Canadian institutions
- —
- Funders
- Basic Energy SciencesNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of CanadaU.S. Department of Defense
- Keywords
- Characterization (materials science)Diffuse reflectance infrared fourier transformMetal-organic frameworkPowder diffractionSpectroscopyMaterials scienceFourier transform infrared spectroscopyInfrared spectroscopyScanning electron microscopeNanotechnologyChemical engineeringChemistryAdsorptionAnalytical Chemistry (journal)Physical chemistryCrystallographyOrganic chemistryPhotocatalysisCatalysis
- Has abstract in OpenAlex
- yes