Sustainable biocomposites from biobased polyamide 6,10 and biocarbon from pyrolyzed miscanthus fibers
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT The reinforcing effects of biocarbon of varying particle size ranges (crushed, <500, 500–426, 250–213, and <63 µm) on biobased polyamide 6,10 (PA 6,10) at 20 wt % loading were investigated for the resulting biocomposites. The heat deflection temperature and impact strength were observed to increase with reduction in particle size. Also, a 200% increase in the impact strength was observed in the biocomposite with biocarbon particles sized at <63 µm when compared to that with <500 µm. A 50% and 83% increase in the tensile and flexural moduli of the biocomposite with biocarbon particle size of <500 µm was observed, respectively, while the tensile strength was observed to remain unchanged. The flexural strength of the biocomposites was improved by 61% when compared to neat nylon. These results were due to good wetting, dispersion and increased surface area of the biocarbon within the nylon matrix. These results show the potential of biocarbon as reinforcing filler in nylon for applications especially in the automotive industry. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 44221.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".