Beetles (Coleoptera) in central reservations of three highway roads around the city of Helsinki, Finland
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Central reservations, also known as median strips, are strips of ground, usually paved or landscaped, that divide the carriageways of a highway. We trapped beetles in vegetated central reservations of three Ring Roads around the city of Helsinki, Finland, in 2002, and collected a total of 1512 individuals and 110 species. Ground beetles were the most abundant beetle family collected with 749 individuals and 29 species, followed by rove beetles (410 individuals, 31 species) and weevils (131 individuals, 15 species). Central reservations of the most recently constructed Ring Road II collected significantly more ground-beetle species and rove-beetle individuals than the two older roads (Ring Roads I and III). However, in Ring Road III we collected slightly more weevil individuals, and significantly more individuals of the rest of the beetles. As expected, most species collected were associated with open habitats, eurytopic and capable of flight. Regarding species characteristics, the three roads differed with respect to their catches of short-winged, saprophagous, predator/mixed-diet, small-sized (3.1-6 mm), common and nationally rare species, whereas the occurrences of long-winged, plant-eating, very small ( 6 mm) and moderately common species were more even. Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling demonstrated that the beetle community of the central reservations of Ring Road II was different from the communities of Ring Roads I and III. There appeared to be more within-road variation in community structure at these last two roads. Catches of the nationally vulnerable carabid Amara equestris, and several considered rare species, indicate that central reservations have conservation potential.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".