pH-Mediated Release in a Model Drug Delivery System
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Targeted drug delivery systems protect healthy tissue in the patient's body while carrying the therapeutic agent to the diseased tissue.For cancer therapy, the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect takes advantage of porosity of the tumor blood vessels and negligible lymphatic drainage.Nanoparticle drug carriers will accumulate in tumors without external intervention.The general problem is how best to release the drug once it has reached the targeted area.Here we show a model micellar drug delivery system that is stable and secure at a normal blood pH of 7.4, but disperses and releases its substrate as the pH drops below 7.0.The micelle is formed from the ionic surfactant, 10-undecenoate, with the hydrophobic tetrabutylammonium counterion.The pH-dependent structure and function differ markedly from other micellar solutions and suggests a key role of the counterion in both stability and solubilization power of the micelle.Our results indicate that tetrabutylammonium counterions can bring about the pH-mediated release of therapeutic agents from micellar drug delivery systems.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".